Water Wheels and Hydropower and Their Importance for...

Water Wheels Water wheels are one of the oldest hydraulic machines known to man. A water wheel is a machine that converts the energy of free-flowing water or falling water into different forms of power. A water wheel usually consists of either a large wooden or metal wheel. There are a number of blades or buckets on the outside rim forming the driving surface. There are three main types of water wheels; horizontal, undershot, and overshot. They were used all around the world. Many cultures used water wheels for everyday uses, such as irrigation, grinding grain, casting iron, pumping water, etc. Today, they are mainly used for decoration, and creating hydropower. History of Water Wheels The first reference to a water wheel dates back to 400 B.C., written in a poem. They were used before the A.D. time period. In the first century B.C., the horizontal shafts came into use. The wheel attached had radial vanes around its edge. Many countries and cultures relied on water wheels. Cistercians created artificial waterways to use their water wheels. Europeans used â€Å"tidal wheels† to grind grain. Water wheels had many different jobs. Some ground grain, others cast iron. Some crushed ore and others hulled rice. Miners in the Middle Ages used them to pump water, grind ore, run bellows and operate hammers. The Roman and Chinese people also used the water wheels to help them with jobs. The Chinese were probably the first to use a waterwheel, and then the ideaShow MoreRelatedThe Oil Spill Of 20101535 Words   |  7 Pagesthe act of turning to renewable energy sources. Burning fossil fuels also has a downside to the environment, pollu ting the air and water, and damaging the health of plants and animals. The BP Oil spill of 2010 is one example of how dangerous fossil fuels are when they are exposed to the environment. There is much controversy in the United States for renewable energy sources being funded, but the facts are on the rise. 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